{"id":3291,"date":"2014-08-22T00:09:57","date_gmt":"2014-08-21T22:09:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.thinkingafrica.org\/V2\/?p=3291"},"modified":"2021-05-25T16:02:40","modified_gmt":"2021-05-25T14:02:40","slug":"crise-agricole-et-pauperisation-de-la-paysannerie-au-gabon","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thinkingafrica.org\/V2\/crise-agricole-et-pauperisation-de-la-paysannerie-au-gabon\/","title":{"rendered":"Crise agricole et paup\u00e9risation de la paysannerie au Gabon"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Roger Nguema-Obame | Docteur en sociologie. Enseignant-Chercheur permanent \u00e0 l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Omar Bongo de Libreville.<\/p>\n<p><strong>INTRODUCTION<\/strong><br \/>\nLe Gabon, situ\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019Ouest de l\u2019Afrique centrale sur la bordure atlantique, a  une superficie de 267.667km2 , grand comme la moiti\u00e9 de la France, pour une population estim\u00e9e \u00e0 1.700. 000 habitants  ; le pays qualifi\u00e9 de \u00ab v\u00e9ritable scandale g\u00e9ologique \u00bb tant le sol, le sous-sol et les c\u00f4tes, rec\u00e8lent en l\u2019occurrence d\u2019importantes ressources, comme nous le verrons infra, jouit alors d\u2019un revenu de 3600 dollars par habitant en 1993. En 2004, il s\u2019\u00e9l\u00e8ve \u00e0 4 675 . Entre 2005 et 2006, le Gabon enregistre une augmentation de 6000 dollars de son PIB , selon le rapport du MAEP d\u00e9j\u00e0 cit\u00e9.Entre 2006 et 2010, avec l\u2019augmentation du prix du baril de p\u00e9trole, le PIB par habitant passe \u00e0 13000 dollars. Cette situation exceptionnelle,qui place le Gabon dans le groupe des pays \u00e0 revenu interm\u00e9diaire, tranche haute,en fait l\u2019un des pays les plus riches du continent africain.<\/p>\n<p>Toutefois,ces indicateurs socio-\u00e9conomiques tranchent nettement   avec les fortes disparit\u00e9s de niveau de vie, au sein de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 gabonaise  et avec son Indice de d\u00e9veloppement humain  car le Gabon pr\u00e9sente des indicateurs sociaux comparables \u00e0 ceux de certains pays africains \u00e0 revenus faibles. Le revenu par habitant \u00e9lev\u00e9 cache de grandes disparit\u00e9s entre les niveaux de vie.<br \/>\nAinsi le Gabon, plac\u00e9 122\u00e8me rang sur 177 pays \u00e0 la m\u00eame p\u00e9riode, est marqu\u00e9 par des disparit\u00e9s mises en exergue \u00e9galement par l\u2019Enqu\u00eate Participative sur la Pauvret\u00e9 de 2005. Il ressort de cette enqu\u00eate  que plus de 70 % de la population continue de  vivre dans un d\u00e9nuement innommable,selon Nze-Nguema, qui en a assur\u00e9 la coordination.<br \/>\nFace \u00e0 l\u2019insoutenable d\u00e9nuement dans lequel vivotent les populations gabonaises, Nze-Nguema qui n\u2019a pas de mots assez forts pour stigmatiser ces in\u00e9galit\u00e9s sociales,qualifie alors,\u00e0 raison, le Gabon \u00ab de  pays riche peupl\u00e9 de pauvres h\u00e8res \u00bb. <\/p>\n<p>Ainsi, malgr\u00e9 les immenses ressources dont regorge le pays, les classes laborieuses sont tenues \u00e0 la marge de la redistribution des fruits de la croissance \u00e9conomique ; des fruits d\u2019une croissance  que se partagent les rares privil\u00e9gi\u00e9s et nantis d\u2019un  r\u00e9gime, insensible \u00e0 la mis\u00e8re du plus grand nombre. Le Gabon pr\u00e9sente d\u00e8s lors les m\u00eames indicateurs sociaux que les pays africains \u00e0 revenus faibles.<br \/>\nAinsi, depuis la fin des ann\u00e9es 1990, les populations rurales gabonaises sont de plus en plus confront\u00e9es \u00e0 la paup\u00e9risation. L\u2019enqu\u00eate de 1995 sur la pauvret\u00e9 au Gabon donne des indications pr\u00e9cises sur les in\u00e9galit\u00e9s sociales du milieu urbain  par rapport au milieu rural : le revenu moyen dans le secteur urbain, \u00e9tait de six fois plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 par rapport  au secteur rural. <\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<span class=\"su-highlight\" style=\"background:#ffffff;color:#d84a3a\">&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.thinkingafrica.org\/V2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/08\/NDR-12.pdf\"><strong>TELECHARGEZ LA NOTE DE RECHERCHE EN PDF<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<\/span>\n<div class=\"su-document su-u-responsive-media-yes\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/docs.google.com\/viewer?embedded=true&url=http:\/\/www.thinkingafrica.org\/V2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/08\/NDR-12.pdf\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" class=\"su-document\" title=\"\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Roger Nguema-Obame | Docteur en sociologie. Enseignant-Chercheur permanent \u00e0 l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Omar Bongo de Libreville. INTRODUCTION Le Gabon, situ\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019Ouest de l\u2019Afrique centrale sur la bordure atlantique, a une superficie de 267.667km2 , grand comme la moiti\u00e9 de la France, pour une population estim\u00e9e \u00e0 1.700. 000 habitants ; le pays qualifi\u00e9 de \u00ab v\u00e9ritable [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3292,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,23,40,217],"tags":[51,136,134,137,135],"class_list":["post-3291","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-afrique-centrale","category-note-recherche","category-gouvernance","category-obame","tag-democratie","tag-developpement-rural","tag-etat","tag-politiques-publiques","tag-pouvoir"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Crise agricole et paup\u00e9risation de la paysannerie au Gabon - Thinking Africa<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thinkingafrica.org\/V2\/crise-agricole-et-pauperisation-de-la-paysannerie-au-gabon\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Crise agricole et paup\u00e9risation de la paysannerie au Gabon - Thinking Africa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Roger Nguema-Obame | Docteur en sociologie. 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INTRODUCTION Le Gabon, situ\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019Ouest de l\u2019Afrique centrale sur la bordure atlantique, a une superficie de 267.667km2 , grand comme la moiti\u00e9 de la France, pour une population estim\u00e9e \u00e0 1.700. 000 habitants ; le pays qualifi\u00e9 de \u00ab v\u00e9ritable [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.thinkingafrica.org\/V2\/crise-agricole-et-pauperisation-de-la-paysannerie-au-gabon\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Thinking Africa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2014-08-21T22:09:57+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-05-25T14:02:40+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.thinkingafrica.org\/V2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/08\/CriseAgricole-Gabon-Rougier.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"768\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"TA\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"TA\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.thinkingafrica.org\\\/V2\\\/crise-agricole-et-pauperisation-de-la-paysannerie-au-gabon\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.thinkingafrica.org\\\/V2\\\/crise-agricole-et-pauperisation-de-la-paysannerie-au-gabon\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"TA\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.thinkingafrica.org\\\/V2\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/d43605ef0d5681c1b27a4ba1fede1cf4\"},\"headline\":\"Crise agricole et paup\u00e9risation de la paysannerie au Gabon\",\"datePublished\":\"2014-08-21T22:09:57+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-05-25T14:02:40+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.thinkingafrica.org\\\/V2\\\/crise-agricole-et-pauperisation-de-la-paysannerie-au-gabon\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":499,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.thinkingafrica.org\\\/V2\\\/crise-agricole-et-pauperisation-de-la-paysannerie-au-gabon\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.thinkingafrica.org\\\/V2\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2014\\\/08\\\/CriseAgricole-Gabon-Rougier.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"d\u00e9mocratie\",\"d\u00e9veloppement rural\",\"Etat\",\"politiques publiques\",\"pouvoir\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Afrique centrale\",\"Note de recherche\",\"Politiques, strat\u00e9gies &amp; 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